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• Formula Grants
  ...ldren, special needs and K–12 education, transportation improvement, law enforcement/homeland security, nutrition programs for children and pregnant women, and ...mula grant funds. Each grant is based on a specific formula established by law or Congress that determines which funds a state or community may be qualifi
  9 KB (1,352 words) - 23:12, 4 July 2018
• Fugitive Slave Acts
  ...o demands by southern congressmen and southern slaveholders for a stronger law. These Southerners argued that free states ignored their legislative duty t ...slave owners with stronger legal power to have their slaves returned. This law, signed by President Millard Fillmore, was the most stringent measure passe
  3 KB (494 words) - 01:27, 5 July 2018
• Fugitive Slave Provision: Article IV
  ...iduals to protect free blacks or frustrate the recapture of fugitives. The law proved to be a source of great friction in the years leading up to the war.
  2 KB (358 words) - 01:28, 5 July 2018
• Fugitive Slaves and American Federalism
  ...very was illegal. These principles were in direct conflict with the common law at the time of the Revolution, which held that slaves became free the momen ...nder the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall
  10 KB (1,544 words) - 01:32, 5 July 2018
• Full Faith and Credit Clause: Article IV, Section 1
  ...and allowed the decisions of these courts to govern disputes under common law. In some cases, the phrase “faith and credit” was used alone, while in ...ng extraterritorial acts, records, and judicial proceedings conclusions of law.
  17 KB (2,661 words) - 01:35, 5 July 2018
• Governors and Federalism
  ...an administrative agency to oversee the implementation, distribution, and enforcement of the grant. Consequently, federal action channeled through the states inc ...proposal that significantly influenced the final bill that was signed into law in 1996. In many policy areas, leaders of Congress sought governors’ poli
  20 KB (2,875 words) - 01:46, 5 July 2018
• Health Care Policy
  ...lity to the states. McCarran-Ferguson stated explicitly that “no federal law should be interpreted as overriding state insurance regulation unless it do ...ral requirement that hospitals provide care to the uninsured. However, the law merely stated that hospitals must provide “a reasonable volume of hospita
  26 KB (3,778 words) - 02:34, 5 July 2018
• Intergovernmental Management
  ...thought of as involving four analytical frameworks: 1) the application of law and politics; 2) operations involving deepening jurisdiction interdependenc .... is a product of federal development among the four core IGM features – law and politics, unit interdependency (including NGOs), government-NGO partner
  28 KB (4,011 words) - 00:56, 26 September 2018
• Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
  On April 5, 1887, the Interstate Commerce Act became law. Its purpose was to stop unfair railroad practices carried out by monopolie ...es the right to control interstate railroad rates and declared an Illinois law invalid since it breached congressional power found in the Commerce Clause
  4 KB (612 words) - 20:28, 29 September 2018
• Interstate Relations
  ...t for the Republican River Compact, but two years later signed a bill into law granting consent to a redrafted compact. ...decision holding that U.S. courts must apply the interpretation of a state law by the highest court in the concerned state, and allowed the Supreme Court
  23 KB (3,570 words) - 20:48, 29 September 2018
• Land Use
  ...local government programs such as K–12 education, public health, and law enforcement. Central to this control is the exercise of the police power—the authorit
  7 KB (1,061 words) - 05:46, 2 October 2018
• Layer Cake Federalism
  ...th each other in a number of areas, including taxation, regulation, or law enforcement. The separate layers proved to be not as separate as they appeared.
  3 KB (514 words) - 05:48, 2 October 2018
• Luther v. Borden (1849)
  ...aimed sovereignty in the state. The General Assembly then declared martial law and imposed severe penalties upon anyone assuming office in the Dorrite gov ...of trespass against Luther M. Borden for invading his house under martial law without a warrant. Supporters of the Dorr Rebellion saw this case as an opp
  3 KB (529 words) - 18:06, 21 October 2019
• Local Government
  ...), organize its administration, tax, regulate, and so on, subject to state law and constitutional provisions. Joseph Zimmerman in ''State-Local Relations' ...dministered programs, for example, education, law enforcement and criminal law, land use, food regulation and safety, elections administration, and the re
  18 KB (2,575 words) - 03:20, 5 October 2018
• Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
  ...alidates any confession and makes the statement inadmissible in a court of law. A suspect may waive his or her Miranda rights, but the burden is on the go ...main fear of critics was that these decisions were tying the hands of law enforcement with additional procedural requirements that made it more difficult for the
  3 KB (522 words) - 18:19, 21 October 2019
• Marshall, John
  ...appellate review. Thus the Supreme Court was the final court in matters of law and equity decided within the federal court system, including territorial c ...e Court would mean subjecting international treaties to interpretation and enforcement by each state’s judiciary.
  23 KB (3,550 words) - 03:48, 17 October 2018
• Chiafalo v. Washington (2020)
  ...didate before being allowed to be an elector, but the case did not address enforcement. ...tes for other candidates despite Clinton’s win in the state. Under state law, each faithless elector was fined $1,000. Three of the electors contested t
  3 KB (509 words) - 23:19, 16 September 2021
• Nixon, Richard M.
  ...ited States. Nixon attended Whittier College and Duke University School of Law. In 1940, he married Patricia Ryan. During World War II, Nixon was commissi ...rnments by ceding decision-making authority in several areas—such as law enforcement, education, and urban development—to states and localities. At the same t
  4 KB (642 words) - 21:05, 28 November 2018
• Preemption
  ...der in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.” T ...nown as ''[[The Federalist Papers]]'', explaining the proposed fundamental law and denying that a unitary system would be established in time if the Const
  20 KB (3,010 words) - 07:12, 2 January 2019
• Printz v. United States (1997)
  ...and included a five-day waiting period during which locally designated law enforcement officers (sheriffs, local chiefs of police, etc.) would be ''required'' to ...hat They Give Us: Explaining the Court’s Federalism Offensive,” ''Duke Law Journal'' 51 (2001): 477–520.
  7 KB (1,097 words) - 19:30, 21 October 2019

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